sábado, 21 de junio de 2014

Polite/Impolite Intonation, Prepositional Phrases and Differences between Wharf, Pier, Dock, Harbour ...


Week 17th – 20th June

Hi, how are you doing?

This week we just corrected our ‘use of English’ exercise. The headings were ‘Mystery of the deep’, ‘Bicycle Town’, ‘Insects and Camouflage’, The Emperor’s Villa’, ‘Table for Two’ and ‘Interactive Movies’.

As usual, we had to tackle word building, rewriting and gapped sentences.

And we practised intonation in polite requests.

Remember that intonation and stress mean a lot when we are speaking. They can completely change the meaning of what we are saying. Even if you use a polite structure such as: “I wonder if you could possibly tell me the way to the station” – extremely polite, by the way – if you use a flat intonation, it loses its meaning and you’ll come across as somebody who has just memorized that sentence, out of emotion.

Notice the intonation as well as the word stressed in the following examples given in this exercise. Polite / impolite Intonation

Would you like to practise idioms and prepositional phrases with quizzes? You can do it on this link  Prepositional Phrase Quiz

For Eduardo’s information; I think you’ll find this article interesting!

What’s the difference between dock, wharf, pier, port …? http://www.theshippinglawblog.com/2011/10/what-is-difference-between-quay-pier.html

Remember that we are having 2-hour lessons both days next week, in order to make up for the class we missed the week before the last.


Have a nice weekend! See you on Tuesday!!!

martes, 17 de junio de 2014

Conditional Sentences and Persuasion

Week 10th – 12th June

Hello again!

Nearly finishing the course! This is the countdown for the summer holidays.

It was nice to see Eduardo again. But better yet, was to know that he has done it well in his exams.
Last week we only had a class. Remember we are making up for (recuperating)it next Friday 20th at 10.00a.m.

But, what did we do in our class last week?

We went through verbs followed by infinitive with to, bare infinitive, that is, without to and verbs followed by –ing

In other words, verb patterns.

·         I was so happy to receive your present. (After adjs, to +infinitive)
·         She was busy looking after her little sister. (Exception;after “busy”, ing)
·         He went to the sop to buy some bread. (To express purpose, why?)
·         Doing sport is healthy. (When the verb is the subject, ing)
·         The kid wasn’t tall enough to reach the door knob.(After too and enough)
·         Don’t leave the office without locking the door. (After prepositions)
·         They didn’t know where to run.(After question words, except “why”)
·         We went swimming last weekend. (After “go” for physical activities)
·         My niece would like to become a teacher when she grows up.(After would like, would love etc.)

 After certain verbs we use to + infinitive and after other verbs we use “–ing”. And this is the most difficult part to remember because there are no rules for it. Read a lot. Do exercises and above all, learn the verbs in context with sample sentences.



·         What did they plan to do?
·         My friends agree to stay in the hotel closer to the beach.
·         She promised not to tell anybody.
·         I refuse to go by bus. It takes longer than the train!
·         I hope to finish my degree next year.
·         They seem to have forgotten what happened before.
·         I decided to take the job.
·         Avoid drinking tap water if you travel to India.
·         There’s no point warning him, he’ll go anyway.
·         He denied taking the money.
·         He confessed to killing the man.
·         They objected to having the shop open until 9pm.
·         We are looking forward to hearing from you.



More exercises on Verb Patterns

Then, we continued with conditional sentences.

At this level, of course you have perfectly clear the three types of conditional sentences and even, the ‘Zero conditional’; the problem being the mixed conditional sentences. My advice? Even though I usually recommend not to translate into Spanish, this could be the solution and in this particular case it makes a lot of difference between understanding the use of mixed conditionals or not.

We usually mix 2nd type and 3rd type conditionals. We do it so as to refer to the present and the past in the same sentence. Bear in mind that these sentences must make sense, they must have a ‘sound meaning’.(being coherent)

Mixed:           They wouldn’t get a table if they hadn’t booked in advance.
(type 2)                                (type 3)

Present situation: they have a table. Past situation: they booked-in advance-

Second:        They wouldn’t get a table if they didn’t book in advance.
                                                         Type 2
Hypothetical situation in the present /future. They have to book if they want a table.

Third:            They wouldn’t have got a table if they hadn’t booked in advance.
                                                                     Type 3
Hypothetical situation in the past.  They booked, they got the table.

And we finished the class reading about “persuasion”.

It’s amazing how a single word can make a lot of difference when it comes to persuasion, isn’t it? Take the example of a stranger approaching some people waiting to use a photocopier. He asked, “May I use the machine? I’ve only got five copies’. People let him go first. The percentage of people who agreed to him being first increased when the statement was ‘May I use the photocopier because I’m in a rush?’ This proves that when a request is followed by ‘because’, no matter how petty (unimportant) the reason is, persuasion works!
 Beggars or charities asking for some money also know persuasion techniques. It’s been proved that if they say something along these lines ‘Could you collaborate with us? Even a little money can help’ instead of just saying ‘Could you collaborate with us?’ the outcome (result) will be quite different!


And so the class finished! See you this evening.

martes, 10 de junio de 2014

History Goes to the Movies...

Week 3rd -5th June

Hello Chus!

Well, it seems there’s only the two of us in class!

As usual, I wish the best of lucks to Eduardo. He must be studying for his exams and finishing projects for his degree.

We did a reading from a sample test. The headings were:
‘Travel Africa: Brochures under review’, ‘The Thatchers’, ‘Music at School’ and ‘Service Excellence Award’.

Then, we went through a letter of application.
We analysed a model text.

When you write a covering letter/ email to apply for a job, a grant, etc., remember:
·         Use appropriate sentences to open the letter.
·         Organize the main body of the letter into clear paragraphs.
·         Make sure you use a suitable style:
·         Don’t use contractions or very informal expressions,
·         Use formal vocabulary, e.g. require instead of need, as instead of because.
·         Use the conditional to make a request more polite, eg. I would be grateful if …, I would welcome the chance to …
·         When you say you’re suitable for the job, don’t ‘oversell’ yourself. Be factual and positive but not arrogant.
·         Use the appropriate phrases to close the letter.

We listened to two songs. ‘I will Survive’ by Gloria Gaynor and ‘I don’t want to miss a thing’ by Aerosmith.

You can listen to them again in here: I will survive

And we finished the week with more listening.

As we had been talking and reading about history in the movies, we listened to an interview with Adrian Hodges, a screenplays writer.
We was asked questions related to the importance of accuracy in historical movies, if they were more expensive to shoot than non- historical ones and his views on why Ancient Roman movies are so popular.

Then we listened to a survey made in the street.
People were asked:
‘If you could have lived in another historical period, which period would you choose?’ And ‘which historical figure do you particularly admire?’

What about you? How would you answer these questions?

This was all! See you on Tuesday!


Week 27th -29th May

Hello!
This week we were talking about history in the movies.

Some films are memorable for a scene or a sentence, but in the case of historical movies, to which extent are these facts faithful to the historical period portrait in the film?

Take ‘Braveheart’ as an example.  The film is set in 13th-century Scotland. Mel Gibson plays the Scottish rebel William Wallace, who tries to overthrow the English who ruled Scotland at that time. One of the most memorable scenes was the battle of Stirling, when Wallace’s army, hopelessly outnumbered, wait in an open field for the English to attack.
As a matter of fact, the battle took place on a narrow bridge; being that the reason for the English troops defeat. That bridge was an impediment for the shooting, so  the director decided to eliminate it! But that was not the only inaccuracy

 As for ‘Titanic’ , the most stricken inaccuracy is that the romance between Jack (third class passenger) and Rose ( first class) would probably had not taken place due to the segregation existing between classes aboard of ships. And what would have been the success of this film without this story?

We took advantage of this context, and put into practice the use of discourse markers: adverbs and adverbial expressions.

And we did a word building exercise.

noun
person
adjective
verb
capture
captor
Captor /captive
capture
civilization
civilian / civil
civilized
civilize
execution
executioner

execute
history
historian
historic / historical

looting
looter

loot
rebellion
rebel
rebellious
rebel
siege


besiege
survival
survivor
surviving
survive
withdrawal


withdraw
victory
victor
victorious



And that was it!  See you next week!

If you want to know more about films and history,